The Causative Agent for AIDS

In the mid-1990s more than 40,000 mint were dying of the disease each year in the US, comp bed with still 16,000 one-yearly in 2000 (Buckley, 2001, 1A). However, even though there pitch begin declines in the United States in terms of annual transmittings and deaths, the rest of the world is not experiencing such declines. This is particularly confessedly in Africa, where 25 million people have human immunodeficiency virus in sub-Saharan Africa alone, six million in India and southeastward Asia, and the disease is making inroads in the Caribbean, Latin American, China, and the countries of the former Soviet Union (Sabin, 2001, A1).

One of the largest challenges to function prevent human immunodeficiency virus infection and deaths from help in many of these countries revolves around access to stringy aid drugs that are cocktail-like combinations of antiviral drugs. An other(a) challenge stems from the detail that many pharmaceutical companies that own patents on certain assist drugs that are the most promising will not emancipation these patents to manufacturers in foreign countries or the countries cannot afford licensing fees. Further AIDS drugs have different reactions on different individuals, some of them quite debilitating and severe. Before exploring why it is critical to continue growth new AIDS and human immunodeficiency virus drugs, the timeline below shows the evolution of AIDS and HIV in the US:

1981: A rare malignant neoplastic disease affects gay men; the CDC calls it GRIP

1982: The new disease is officially named AIDS

Cohen, J. AIDS therapy: Ambitious clinical streamlet stirs debate. Science, Sept 24, 1999, 1-2.

2000: 774,467 people in the US have contract the disease since 1981; 448,060 of them have died

1987: The FDA approves the first AIDS drug, AZT

Freeman, M. (Oct 13, 2001). Glaxo grants AIDS drug license in South Africa. 12(00093033), 12.

There are fewer issues as critical to helping slow the infections and deaths caused by HIV/AIDS than drug development. There are many reasons why drug development must continue to occur to help meet the challenges presented by this devastating and deadly disease. Powerful HIV/AIDS drugs have been developed.

Known as AIDS cocktails, these are combinations of highly potent antiretroviral drugs that combat HIV infection. Drugs like proteolytic enzyme inhibitors, non-nucleoside, and nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase are used among other compounds. It is the development of such powerful new drugs that are associated with the dramatic decline in deaths and infections in places like the United States, and there is a downside to such drugs that makes their use worldwide especial(a): "Highly active antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has take to marked decreases in the morbidity and mortality of infected persons. It withal has greatly increased the expense and complexity of providing optimal antiretroviral therapy" (Zepf, 2001, 1443).

A further problem with HIV and AIDS medications is the controversial genius of many of the drugs being used in clinical political campaigns passim the U.S. and around the world. Recently the National Institute of Allergy and pathogenic Diseases approved funding for the largest and most expensive clinical trial of an AIDS treatment ever conducted. Known as the Esprit Trial, the get hold of will cost more than $43 million and excision 4000 HIV-infected people already using anti-HIV drugs (Cohen, 1999, 1). The goal of the trial is to give an immune-system messenger called interleuk
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